Original Article
Medical
Zahra Yekanipour; Hamed Afkhami; Parya Amini; Mohammad Reza Mohammadi; Zahra Rafiei Atani; Kianoosh Dadashzadeh
Abstract
The necessity of using ozonated oil and water for treating infections such as gonorrhea and meningitis which their treatment by common antibiotics is sometimes difficult and it is becoming more apparent every day. In this study, the antibacterial effect of ozonated oil and water against Neisseria ...
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The necessity of using ozonated oil and water for treating infections such as gonorrhea and meningitis which their treatment by common antibiotics is sometimes difficult and it is becoming more apparent every day. In this study, the antibacterial effect of ozonated oil and water against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) and N. meningitidis were investigated using Broth microdilution methods at zero, 24 and 48 hours after incubation at 37°C. The results were determined by culturing bacteria on their specific culture medium and using an ELISA reader to determine minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC, respectively). The results showed that ozonated oil with PI=500 had an expressive effect on N. meningitidis. The concentration of 0.09PI was determined as MIC and the concentration of 0.19PI was determined as MBC. The ozonated oil with PI=1000 had an expressive effect on N. gonorrhoeae. The concentration of 3.12 PI was determined as MIC and the concentration of 6.25 PI was determined as MBC. Ozonated water containing 2.5 mg/L of ozone had no significant antimicrobial effect on the studied bacterial species. The results of this study showed that ozonation of oil may improve its chemical properties. In addition, by increasing the incubation time to 24 hours, ozonated oil showed a favorable antibacterial effect against N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis.
Original Article
Bioinformatics
Bakr Sadiq Mohammed; Nagham Shakir Turkey
Abstract
In order to improve the sensitivity of the newly established methodology, a thorough examination was carried out on the essential parameter. A rapid and highly responsive technique has been developed for the detection of loratadine. This method involves the generation of pale white species through the ...
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In order to improve the sensitivity of the newly established methodology, a thorough examination was carried out on the essential parameter. A rapid and highly responsive technique has been developed for the detection of loratadine. This method involves the generation of pale white species through the reaction between sodium nitroprusside and loratadine. The transducer's energy response was evaluated using the NAG-4SX3-3D analyzer. The linear range for measuring loratadine is 0.01-10 mM (millimolary). For concentrations of 4 and 10 mM. The RSD (relative standard deviation) for six trials was significantly lower than 0.14 percent. The measurement of loratadine has a limit of detection (LOD) of 261.890 ng/sample for (n=13). The calibration graph shows a progressive dilution across the lowest concentration linear dynamic range, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9984. The percentage linearity (R2 %) is 99.68. The proposed approach was evaluated in comparison to the previous technique, which involved UV-spectrophotometric analysis at a wavelength of 275 nm. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the technique exhibits enhanced sensitivity and surpasses the classic reference method's 10 mm irradiation, owing to its utilization of specific chemicals. Based on the aforementioned information, it is determined that the developed methodology is the most appropriate for analyzing loratadine in pharmaceutical samples when compared to the reference techniques.
Original Article
Medical
Bujagouni Swapna; Kaneez Fathima; Hifsa Muwayyad; Madeeha Khanam; Syeda Salma; Surabhi Harsha; Numair Gayas
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise around the world and is strongly linked with the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This six-month observational study was conducted in the nephrology division of a 300-bed, multi-specialty tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 90 prescriptions ...
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise around the world and is strongly linked with the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This six-month observational study was conducted in the nephrology division of a 300-bed, multi-specialty tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 90 prescriptions written for inpatients and outpatients in the nephrology ward are considered based on the inclusion criteria. Patient case sheets, patient questionnaires and interviews, biomedical and radiological reports, and the medication regimen chart are the primary means of data gathering. In this study, we identified the patient's age, hypertension, lipid abnormalities, male gender, cigarette smoking, and family history as traditional risk factors for both CVD and CKD. Nearly 40% of 90 individuals had a high risk of CVD, followed by 25 with intermediate risk, 19 with borderline risk, and 6 with low risk. We further conclude that successful CKD and CVD therapy requires good glycemic control, anti-hypertensive medicine, and hypolipidemic medication. Diabetes patients received SGLT-2 inhibitors, which improve CKD and CVD. The development of chronic kidney disease to stages 4 and 5 is slowed by anti-hypertensive medication, particularly with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors such as angiotensin-receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Patients with persistent hypertension, albuminuria, or heart failure with a poor ejection fraction benefit from treatment with aldosterone receptor antagonists. People with chronic kidney disease benefit from low-dose aspirin for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Despite medication advancements, high blood pressure (BP) patients need a customised and evidence-based management plan to control BP, minimise CVD risk, and delay CKD progression. Early CKD treatment is essential for preventing the progression of both CKD and CVD.
Original Article
Biochemistry
Mahboobeh Talebi Mehrdar; Ghazale Ebadi
Abstract
Diabetes Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes, a common disorder of glucose homeostasis and accounts for 90% of cases. The prevalence of diabetes type 2 is increasing. Adenosine deaminase is an enzymatic polymorphism that plays an important role in modulating the biological activity of insulin. ...
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Diabetes Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes, a common disorder of glucose homeostasis and accounts for 90% of cases. The prevalence of diabetes type 2 is increasing. Adenosine deaminase is an enzymatic polymorphism that plays an important role in modulating the biological activity of insulin. It seems that excessive activity of the adenosine A1 receptor has caused adiposity in diabetes type 2. In this study, we examined the correlation of ADA enzyme with diabetes type 2. This investigation was performed on 80 men and women between 40 and 80 years old in District 2 of Tehran with diabetes. Venous blood samples were collected after 12 hours of fasting blood was centrifuged. Then fasting blood glucose and HbA1c, Triglyceride, and total Cholesterol were measured for enzyme activity respectively by COBAS MIRA. Insulin was measured by ELISA and serum ADA enzyme activity was measured by photometry. The results of this study were done by SPSS software. A significant increase in serum ADA levels was observed in diabetic patients compared with the control group. A positive correlation was observed between ADA activity and FBS and HbA1c. The amount of HOMA-IR in diabetics was higher than in the control group, but no positive correlation was observed between serum levels of ADA and HOMA-IR. The enzyme adenosine deaminase can act as an immunological marker and the results of this study show that diabetes is associated with increased T cell activation markers and immune disequilibrium. Serum ADA level has a positive correlation with glycemic control status in patients.
Original Article
Medical
Koteswari Poluri; Bujagouni Swapna; Vatte Jyothsna; Kaneez Fathima; Omamah Afreen; Shaheroz Jabeen; Sumera Sultana
Abstract
The occurrence of an ischemic stroke arises from the unfortunate circumstance in which a blood vessel becomes impeded or obstructed, resulting from the presence of a clot, atherosclerosis, or the narrowing of arteries. The neurology department of a 300-bed, multi-specialty tertiary teaching hospital ...
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The occurrence of an ischemic stroke arises from the unfortunate circumstance in which a blood vessel becomes impeded or obstructed, resulting from the presence of a clot, atherosclerosis, or the narrowing of arteries. The neurology department of a 300-bed, multi-specialty tertiary teaching hospital was the site of this six-month observational study. Prescriptions for both inpatients and outpatients in the neurology unit, totalling 90, are considered according to the inclusion criteria. Patient case sheets, questionnaires, interviews, biomedical and radiological reports, and drug regimen charts are the main data sources. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients are more prevalent in the over-60 age group than in the 20–35 age group. The information obtained indicates that male patients have greater effects than female ones. Furthermore, our research indicates that AIS is more common in obese and overweight people. One of the main risk factors for developing AIS is alcohol drinking, tobacco chewing, and smoking, which affect most AIS patients. Treatment options for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) include intravenous thrombolytic therapy (IVT), anti-platelet therapy, anticoagulant therapy, and adjuvant therapies using statins and drugs based on the comorbidities of the patients. This research highlights that individuals with AIS have shown higher progress when physical rehabilitation is combined with intravenous thrombolytic treatment (IVT) for patients with comorbidities. We found that the individuals who continued taking their medicine and therapy after their discharge from the hospital had better motor strength than those who stopped. Our study concludes that the integration of pharmacotherapy with physical rehabilitation yielded significant enhancements in the functional capacity of individuals affected by stroke.
Original Article
Application of medicinal plants in medicine
Sima Saravani; Mehrangiz Ghaffari; Halimeh Aali
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava plant on bone marrow cells in rats and it will be extended to humans. Guava plant leaves were collected from Chabahar region in Sistan and Baluchistan province and dried. 40 adult male rats were assigned ...
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The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava plant on bone marrow cells in rats and it will be extended to humans. Guava plant leaves were collected from Chabahar region in Sistan and Baluchistan province and dried. 40 adult male rats were assigned to one control group and three experimental groups (subjects that were administeredhydroalcoholic extract of P. guajava leaves with respective doses of 3000 mg/kg, 4000 mg/kg, or 5000 mg/kg, for 3 months, once daily). Following the intervention period, blood was taken from the heart and bone marrow was taken from the femur. Several parameters such as cell blood count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, were examined in the blood sample. Also, in the bone marrow sample, a relative count was performed on five hundred bone marrow cells and the ratio of myeloid to erythroid was determined in both control and experimental groups. The results of this study indicated that the hydroalcoholic extract somewhat increased white blood cells and red blood cells, but no significant change was observed. The result of the study revealed the positive effects of guava leaf extract may be due to flavonoids, quercetin and triterpenes, which strong antioxidants that can prevent damage are caused by free radicals destroying cells. This study shows that guava leaf extract can have a positive effect on hematological parameters, as well as the lack of mutagenicity and cytotoxicity in high doses of this plant extract rather reflects its safe use in traditional medicine. Therefore, it is recommended that guava leaf extract be considered as a complementary and alternative treatment for many diseases, including the treatment of anemia.