Bioinformatics
Bakr Sadiq Mohammed; Nagham Shakir Turkey
Abstract
In order to improve the sensitivity of the newly established methodology, a thorough examination was carried out on the essential parameter. A rapid and highly responsive technique has been developed for the detection of loratadine. This method involves the generation of pale white species through the ...
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In order to improve the sensitivity of the newly established methodology, a thorough examination was carried out on the essential parameter. A rapid and highly responsive technique has been developed for the detection of loratadine. This method involves the generation of pale white species through the reaction between sodium nitroprusside and loratadine. The transducer's energy response was evaluated using the NAG-4SX3-3D analyzer. The linear range for measuring loratadine is 0.01-10 mM (millimolary). For concentrations of 4 and 10 mM. The RSD (relative standard deviation) for six trials was significantly lower than 0.14 percent. The measurement of loratadine has a limit of detection (LOD) of 261.890 ng/sample for (n=13). The calibration graph shows a progressive dilution across the lowest concentration linear dynamic range, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9984. The percentage linearity (R2 %) is 99.68. The proposed approach was evaluated in comparison to the previous technique, which involved UV-spectrophotometric analysis at a wavelength of 275 nm. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the technique exhibits enhanced sensitivity and surpasses the classic reference method's 10 mm irradiation, owing to its utilization of specific chemicals. Based on the aforementioned information, it is determined that the developed methodology is the most appropriate for analyzing loratadine in pharmaceutical samples when compared to the reference techniques.
Bioinformatics
Wenyuan Li; Yao Wang
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) will be produced when the body is under external stimuli, and SGs play an important role in the pathogenesis of more and more diseases. The study on SGs has generally grown to a comprehensive subject in the past 35 years (from 1988 to 2022). The bibliometric analysis was used to ...
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Stress granules (SGs) will be produced when the body is under external stimuli, and SGs play an important role in the pathogenesis of more and more diseases. The study on SGs has generally grown to a comprehensive subject in the past 35 years (from 1988 to 2022). The bibliometric analysis was used to comprehensively analyze the progress and development trend of SGs research. The literature output in the field of peritoneal dialysis showed a fluctuating growth in the past 35 years, and the last five years were the peak period of literature output. Journal of virology was the most widely published journal on SGs. And the most common research category was Biochemistry Molecular Biology. No matter in terms of the number of papers, citation frequency, H-index, or the distribution of journals and funding sources, the United States was far away from leading. With the enhancement of economic and scientific research strength, China has gradually carried out research on SGs. However, the citation frequency and H-index of Chinese papers were relatively low. Research cooperation between research institutions was relatively close, but domestic research institutions had less cooperation with relevant international institutions. The cooperation among authors was relatively scattered, and further exchanges and cooperation between scholars were needed for Chinese scholars. There are more and more reports about SGs, but there was still a big gap between China and the United States in the study of SGs.
Bioinformatics
Sahand Sasani; Sajad Rashidi Monfared; Ali Reza Mirzaei
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~22 nucleotides) non-coding endogenous RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by degrading the target protein-coding mRNA genes or suppressing translation in plants, which consequently participate in a variety of biological ...
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~22 nucleotides) non-coding endogenous RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by degrading the target protein-coding mRNA genes or suppressing translation in plants, which consequently participate in a variety of biological and metabolic processes in both animals and plants. Detection of miRNAs is chiefly carried out by microarray, real-time-PCR, northern blot, and bioinformatics approaches. Bioinformatics or in silico-based approaches are the easiest and cheapest ways to identify desired miRNAs. In this study, several miRNAs in Echinophora platyloba were identified, and their potential roles were reported. E. platyloba, which belongs to the Umbelliferae family, is an endemic plant in Iran found in the Kermanshah, Hamedan, and Lorestan provinces; it has important medicinal uses such as cytotoxic activity in breast cancer, treatment of dysmenorrhea, central and peripheral analgesic effects, and hepatoprotective effects on acute acetaminophen-induced liver injuries. To this end, the RNA was extracted from E. platyloba leaf and sent to the Beijing genome institute for RNA sequencing. After quality control, low-quality data was filtered, and de novo assembly was performed. Detection of miRNAs was then performed by miRDeep (v37) and miRBase tools. Accordingly, we identified seven miRNAs from the leaf dataset, and their secondary structures were evaluated. Target genes of the detected miRNAs were identified through the psRNA target website.
Bioinformatics
Ali Reza Mirzaei; Farzaneh Fazeli
Abstract
Autophagy is an effective regulatory process for eliminating tumors and worn-out intracellular components. Different groups of enzymes and regulatory elements are involved in the autophagy process. MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes are the most important gene groups in autophagy. These genes, through the production ...
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Autophagy is an effective regulatory process for eliminating tumors and worn-out intracellular components. Different groups of enzymes and regulatory elements are involved in the autophagy process. MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes are the most important gene groups in autophagy. These genes, through the production of beclin-1 and lc3 proteins, are involved in the production of autophagosomes. In general, both MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes are active in cellular responses and the biological process. The aim of this study was bioinformatics analysis at the level of genome and proteome and to evaluate and compare the expression of MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes in different human body tissues. The results of this study showed that the expression level of the BECN1 gene was relatively higher than the MAP1LC3A gene in different mammals. Cell analysis of MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes by antibodies that bind to proteins of target genes showed that the protein encoded by the BECN1 gene is more present in the cytosol and the proteins encoded by MAP1LC3A gene are locally present in vesicles. It was also found that the protein encoded by the MAP1LC3A gene had a higher expression in brain tissues than in other tissues, while the beclin-1 protein in cardiac tissue showed higher expression than in other tissues. Finally, by using this information, it is possible to provide the ground for targeted therapies.
Bioinformatics
Ali Reza Mirzaei; Vida Shakoory-Moghadam
Abstract
Different groups of enzymes and regulatory elements are involved in the synthesis of Ribodioside A, which is one of the most important sweetening compounds in stevia. The UGT family (UDP-glycosyltransferase) is a group of regulatory genes that are very effective in converting steviol glycoside to Ribodioside ...
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Different groups of enzymes and regulatory elements are involved in the synthesis of Ribodioside A, which is one of the most important sweetening compounds in stevia. The UGT family (UDP-glycosyltransferase) is a group of regulatory genes that are very effective in converting steviol glycoside to Ribodioside A. Bioinformatics analyses on this gene family, which included the UGT74G1, UGT76G1, and UGT85C2 genes, showed that the protein encoded by these genes had a UDPGT protected protein domain. Also, the study of the secondary structure of these proteins showed that the total corrosion of these proteins is mainly from alpha-helix and random screws or loops that are connected with linear strands. Also, the study of the secondary structure of these proteins showed that the total corrosion of these proteins is mainly from alpha-helix and random screws or loops that are connected with linear strands. The results of studying the three-dimensional structure of the studied proteins confirmed the previous findings of high genomic similarity between these proteins. The results of the ProtScale program showed that the abundance of amino acids with negative hydropathicity in the sequence of these proteins is high, which is effective in creating plant resistance to drought stress. Finally, the codon preference trend of these proteins was investigated using the sequence manipulation suite database. This information can be used for other research, including the transfer of these proteins.
Bioinformatics
Redha Alwan Hasan Alhashimi; Ali Reza Mirzaei; Hasan Kamel Alsaedy
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the abnormal growth of stomach cells. The symptoms of this disease include difficulty in swallowing, heartburn, stomach pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, and blood in the stool. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial and genetic disease, and many genes and factors are involved in it. ...
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Gastric cancer is the abnormal growth of stomach cells. The symptoms of this disease include difficulty in swallowing, heartburn, stomach pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, and blood in the stool. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial and genetic disease, and many genes and factors are involved in it. DCC and CDH1 are the genes silenced by hypermethylation in gastric cancer and play an influential role in suppressing gastric cancer tumors. The aim of this study was bioinformatics analysis at the genome and proteome level and evaluation and comparison of the expression of DCC and CDH1 genes in different human body tissues. The results of this study showed that the CDH1 gene is more expressed in the thyroid gland and Parathyroid gland and the DCC gene is more expressed in the testis, hippocampal formation, basal ganglia, midbrain, cerebral cortex, and hypothalamus. The expression analysis of these genes showed that both genes generally are more active in glands and have little expression in other body organs. Cellular analysis of DCC and CDH1 genes by antibodies that bind to the proteins of the target genes showed that both genes are active in the Golgi apparatus, with the difference that the DCC gene is more present in the nucleus and the CDH1 gene is more present in the plasma membrane. The expression level of the CDH1 gene is relatively higher than that of the DCC gene. Also, phenotypic studies of the DCC gene showed that this gene is related to colorectal cancer, and it was found that the CDH1 gene is effective in Blepharocheilodontic syndrome 1. Finally, considering the role of CDH1 and DCC genes as tumor suppressor genes, these items can be used for targeted treatments in gastric cancer.
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