Medical
Hasan Kamel Alsaedy; Ali Reza Mirzaei; Redha Alwan Hasan Alhashimi
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most complex and common diseases affected by many factors. In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the genetic characteristics of cancer, among which we can mention lncRNA Long Non-Coding RNAs, which effectively eliminate cancer tumors. LncRNAs are non-coding protein ...
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Cancer is one of the most complex and common diseases affected by many factors. In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the genetic characteristics of cancer, among which we can mention lncRNA Long Non-Coding RNAs, which effectively eliminate cancer tumors. LncRNAs are non-coding protein transcripts with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that react with other molecules through their unique structure and affect many cellular processes and chemical reactions in this way; they act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes in tumorigenic responses. On the other hand, lncRNAs play an essential role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, regulation of gene expression at different epigenetic levels of transcription, post-transcription, and interaction of molecules with other vital factors such as DNA, proteins, and other RNAs. Some lncRNAs can react with enzymes that change the state of chromatin and increase the transcriptional activity of some genes or turn off another group of genes. Also, lncRNAs are present in essential processes such as directing ribonucleoprotein complexes, regulating alternating processing, and maintaining the state of multipotency. Examining the function of lncRNAs has greatly impacted the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer cells. This review closely examines recent research on the use of lncRNAs in progression as clinical biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets in cancer.
Cell, Organ and Tissue Culture
Ismael Bilal; Sijia Xie; Muna S Elburki; Zahra Aziziaram; Sangar Muhammad Ahmed; Salah Tofik Jalal Balaky
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a fatal brain tumor, and the standard treatment for this cancer is the surgical removal of the tumor followed by chemotherapy with temozolomide and radiotherapy. Because chemotherapy has many side effects, the use of compounds extracted from natural herbs, due to fewer side effects, can ...
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Glioblastoma is a fatal brain tumor, and the standard treatment for this cancer is the surgical removal of the tumor followed by chemotherapy with temozolomide and radiotherapy. Because chemotherapy has many side effects, the use of compounds extracted from natural herbs, due to fewer side effects, can be a good alternative or supplement to chemical drugs in cancer treatment. In this study, curcumin (diferuloylmethane), known as the main active ingredient of turmeric, was used to evaluate its cytotoxicity on four human glioblastoma cell lines (U373, U251, D54, and T98G). Among these cell lines, U373 was temozolomide resistance, and T98G was photodynamic treatment resistance. These cell lines were treated with increasing concentrations of diferuloylmethane. Survival percentage was assessed by MTT assay and the trypan blue staining method was used to evaluate the rate of cell death and confirm the results of the MTT assay. The results showed that diferuloylmethane has a cytotoxic effect on U251, D54, and T98G cell lines. This effect was higher in high concentrations of diferuloylmethane on U251 and D54 than on U373. Therefore, according to the results of the current study and further studies, curcumin (diferuloylmethane) can be considered an effective complementary treatment in the treatment of glioblastoma.
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