Medical
Bujagouni Swapna; Kaneez Fathima; Hifsa Muwayyad; Madeeha Khanam; Syeda Salma; Surabhi Harsha; Numair Gayas
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise around the world and is strongly linked with the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This six-month observational study was conducted in the nephrology division of a 300-bed, multi-specialty tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 90 prescriptions ...
Read More
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise around the world and is strongly linked with the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This six-month observational study was conducted in the nephrology division of a 300-bed, multi-specialty tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 90 prescriptions written for inpatients and outpatients in the nephrology ward are considered based on the inclusion criteria. Patient case sheets, patient questionnaires and interviews, biomedical and radiological reports, and the medication regimen chart are the primary means of data gathering. In this study, we identified the patient's age, hypertension, lipid abnormalities, male gender, cigarette smoking, and family history as traditional risk factors for both CVD and CKD. Nearly 40% of 90 individuals had a high risk of CVD, followed by 25 with intermediate risk, 19 with borderline risk, and 6 with low risk. We further conclude that successful CKD and CVD therapy requires good glycemic control, anti-hypertensive medicine, and hypolipidemic medication. Diabetes patients received SGLT-2 inhibitors, which improve CKD and CVD. The development of chronic kidney disease to stages 4 and 5 is slowed by anti-hypertensive medication, particularly with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors such as angiotensin-receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Patients with persistent hypertension, albuminuria, or heart failure with a poor ejection fraction benefit from treatment with aldosterone receptor antagonists. People with chronic kidney disease benefit from low-dose aspirin for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Despite medication advancements, high blood pressure (BP) patients need a customised and evidence-based management plan to control BP, minimise CVD risk, and delay CKD progression. Early CKD treatment is essential for preventing the progression of both CKD and CVD.
Biochemistry
Mahboobeh Talebi Mehrdar; Ghazale Ebadi
Abstract
Diabetes Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes, a common disorder of glucose homeostasis and accounts for 90% of cases. The prevalence of diabetes type 2 is increasing. Adenosine deaminase is an enzymatic polymorphism that plays an important role in modulating the biological activity of insulin. ...
Read More
Diabetes Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes, a common disorder of glucose homeostasis and accounts for 90% of cases. The prevalence of diabetes type 2 is increasing. Adenosine deaminase is an enzymatic polymorphism that plays an important role in modulating the biological activity of insulin. It seems that excessive activity of the adenosine A1 receptor has caused adiposity in diabetes type 2. In this study, we examined the correlation of ADA enzyme with diabetes type 2. This investigation was performed on 80 men and women between 40 and 80 years old in District 2 of Tehran with diabetes. Venous blood samples were collected after 12 hours of fasting blood was centrifuged. Then fasting blood glucose and HbA1c, Triglyceride, and total Cholesterol were measured for enzyme activity respectively by COBAS MIRA. Insulin was measured by ELISA and serum ADA enzyme activity was measured by photometry. The results of this study were done by SPSS software. A significant increase in serum ADA levels was observed in diabetic patients compared with the control group. A positive correlation was observed between ADA activity and FBS and HbA1c. The amount of HOMA-IR in diabetics was higher than in the control group, but no positive correlation was observed between serum levels of ADA and HOMA-IR. The enzyme adenosine deaminase can act as an immunological marker and the results of this study show that diabetes is associated with increased T cell activation markers and immune disequilibrium. Serum ADA level has a positive correlation with glycemic control status in patients.
Medical
Kodipelly Ramana Raju; Afreen Sharifa; Paspula Soumya; Rumana Khanam; Koyala konda Banda Sanjay Bhargav
Abstract
The objective of the study is to compare and evaluate the efficacy of atorvastatin (group – A) versus rosuvastatin (group – B) on baseline parameters like lipid profile tests and to assess the risk of metabolic syndrome using a Mets calculator. A total of 100 patients were enclosed in the ...
Read More
The objective of the study is to compare and evaluate the efficacy of atorvastatin (group – A) versus rosuvastatin (group – B) on baseline parameters like lipid profile tests and to assess the risk of metabolic syndrome using a Mets calculator. A total of 100 patients were enclosed in the present study who met the inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups based on their treatment plan Group A includes 24 males and 26 females while Group B includes 23 males and 27 females. The mean differences before treatment for group A and group B are as follows, HDL (31.52±0.35 and 28.34±0.480), LDL (161.4±1.09 and 163.16±0.94), Total cholesterol (252.82±1.09 and 255.56±1.26) and Triglycerides (214.2±0.86 and 215.98±0.62), VLDL (35.98±0.56 and 36.12±0.43). The mean differences after treatment for group A and group B are as follows HDL (39.92±0.46 and 42.04±0.30), LDL (144.96±0.68 and 138.34±0.73), Total cholesterol (181.48±1.98 vs 174.32±2.08), Triglycerides (185.94±1.22 vs 181.74±1.77), VLDL (27.14±0.21 and 24.72±0.27). Group B (P=0.001) exhibited a significantly greater reduction in cholesterol levels as compared to Group A (P = 0.002). The reductions in LDL, VLDL, Total Cholesterol, and Triglycerides along with increased HDL levels were found to be significantly more in the Rosuvastatin group. In this study, we observed that patients on Rosuvastatin exhibited better control over lipid profile when compared to patients who are on Atorvastatin. Since, this study was conducted on a smaller number of patients, to make consecutive remarks about the superiority of either of the treatment regimen; further analysis of clinical trials is required for appropriate selection of the best statin therapy.
)
)
)