Medical
Yang Yang; Yuxue Jiao; Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
Abstract
Protein is an important component of life. Protein modification after translation enriches the diversity of protein, regulates the structure and function of the protein, and participates in more life processes. Recent studies have found that post-translational modifications of proteins can regulate the ...
Read More
Protein is an important component of life. Protein modification after translation enriches the diversity of protein, regulates the structure and function of the protein, and participates in more life processes. Recent studies have found that post-translational modifications of proteins can regulate the occurrence and development of tumors. This article reviews the current status of tumor immunotherapy and the types and effects of post-translational modifications of proteins, hoping to improve new ideas for the types of therapies. . The human immune system should be able to eliminate cancer cells through an acquired immune response executed by T cells. However, clinical detection of cancer cells often results from the failure of immune surveillance. Therefore, relieving immune suppression and restoring antitumor immune response provides the possibility for tumor therapy.Tumor immunotherapy refers to exogenous intervention of the body's immune system, restart and maintain the "tumor-immune" cycle, restore and improve the anti-immune response of the group, strengthen the recognition and killing ability of tumor cells, so as to achieve the therapeutic effect of controlling or even clarifying the tumor specifically.
Medical
Reginaldo Gon De Lima-Neto; Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
Abstract
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a fungal disease, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, affecting mainly rural workers. It is characterized by chronic skin lesions that may vary from nodular, tumorous, verrucous or plaque type. Associated constitutional symptoms are rarely found. The histological ...
Read More
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a fungal disease, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, affecting mainly rural workers. It is characterized by chronic skin lesions that may vary from nodular, tumorous, verrucous or plaque type. Associated constitutional symptoms are rarely found. The histological presentation may yield a pathognomonic feature, the Medlar (sclerotic) bodies, in which a typical brown to black pigment is depicted, explaining “copper pennies” as its alias. In this article, the case of a 56-year-old woman in the countryside of Brazil is reported; whose main complaint was a chronic leg ulcer for the past 8 years. On the left leg, a large, partially ulcerated plaque lesion was found. Microbiological cultures were positive for the pathogen. Histological analysis demonstrated pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, lymphohistiocytic infiltrate and sclerotic bodies (“copper pennies”). CBM’s epidemiological panorama, once established uniquely by geographical distribution, is transitioning to a global health issue, influenced by immunosuppressive conditions, global warming and migration. This scenario demands CBM to be widely considered as a differential diagnosis and may represent a clinical challenge in regions whose professionals have little expertise in infectious tropical diseases.
Medical
Xiaolei Li; Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the value of red blood cell distribution width (RDW), prealbumin (PA), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. There was 500 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, 250 polyps of colorectal ...
Read More
This study was designed to investigate the value of red blood cell distribution width (RDW), prealbumin (PA), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. There was 500 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, 250 polyps of colorectal patients, and 250 healthy volunteers performed to complete blood counts with automated differential counts. The differences in RDW, PA, PLR, and CEA among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). RDW, PA, PLR, CEA, and RDW+PA+PLR+CEA all had a high accuracy rate for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. RDW, PA, PLR, CEA, and RDW+PA+PLR+CEA were divided into high-expression groups and low-expression groups according to ROC cut-off values. Age was statistically different between the high and low groups in RDW, PA, and CEA. M staging was statistically different between high and low groups in CEA, and PLR. T staging was statistically different between high and low groups in PA, CEA, PLR, and RDW+PA+CEA+ PLR. N staging and blood vessel invasion were statistically different between the high and low groups in CEA. TNM staging was statistically different between high and low groups in PA, CEA, PLR, and RDW+PA+CEA+PLR. Perineural invasion was statistically different between the high and low groups in PA and CEA. The number of lymph node metastases was significantly and positively correlated with CEA. CEA and PLR were independent risk factors for the TNM staging. And they had good diagnostic efficacy for the TNM staging of colorectal cancer.
Medical
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi; Amir Hossein Omidi; Hoda Sabati
Abstract
SARS-CoV- 2 is the causative agent of the global pandemic, also known as Covid-19. This virus belongs to a group of coronaviruses and has affected more than ten million people across the globe, causing nearly half a million deaths worldwide. The pandemic has spread worldwide, originating in the Wuhan ...
Read More
SARS-CoV- 2 is the causative agent of the global pandemic, also known as Covid-19. This virus belongs to a group of coronaviruses and has affected more than ten million people across the globe, causing nearly half a million deaths worldwide. The pandemic has spread worldwide, originating in the Wuhan Hubei province of China in 2019. The disease is a significant challenge as there is no antiviral treatment. This review will address current trends and emerging new methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in the laboratoryat present. Reverse transcriptase PCR or RT-PCR is the gold standard for detecting SARS-CoV-2 disease. The seroprevalence of Covid-19 is performed using antibody detection tests using ELISA and antigen detection as rapid tests. In clinical practice, preliminary disease identification is made based on Chest radiographs, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography (PET) scans. As the pandemic has progressed, newer methods of detection like CRISPR, nanotechnology-enabled solutions, and biosensors have emerged as new methods of detecting SARS-CoV-2.
Medical
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi; Hoda Sabati
Abstract
NCP (new coronavirus pneumonia) was discovered in Wuhan towards the end of 2019 and quickly spread throughout the city. The infection was identified as a novel coronavirus, and the World Health Organization (WHO) called it coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Most people with this infection can experience ...
Read More
NCP (new coronavirus pneumonia) was discovered in Wuhan towards the end of 2019 and quickly spread throughout the city. The infection was identified as a novel coronavirus, and the World Health Organization (WHO) called it coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Most people with this infection can experience mild to severe and even fatal symptoms after a period of disease incubation of 4 to 14 days. In up to 10% of patients, gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea, as well as associated abdominal discomfort, may occur before respiratory symptoms. Several SARS-CoV-2 variations have been identified during the epidemic, however, only a handful are deemed variants of concern (VOCs) by the WHO due to their worldwide public health effect. In this article, we looked at new mutations in COVID-19 as well as the adverse effects of the virus on the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal tract. The discovery of these novel SARS-CoV-2 variations threatens to undo the substantial success made so far in restricting the spread of this viral disease, despite the extraordinary speed with which vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed and vigorous worldwide mass immunization efforts. Through mechanisms involving the dysregulated ACE 2 receptor and TMPRSS2, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has the potential to induce significant systemic disease in the GI tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Due to the observation of new and daily mutations of this dangerous virus, the definitive treatment of this disease is becoming more and more difficult and facing major challenges that it requires many clinical trials and researches.
Medical
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi; Mahram Ali Mehran; Amir Hossein Omidi; Mohammad Hadi Hassani
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease. This disease is called tuberculosis and is abbreviated as TB. Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases of this century, which can involve all the organs of the body, but the lungs are most affected by tuberculosis. The occurrence of ...
Read More
Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease. This disease is called tuberculosis and is abbreviated as TB. Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases of this century, which can involve all the organs of the body, but the lungs are most affected by tuberculosis. The occurrence of 10 million new cases of tuberculosis and the treatment of only two-thirds of them, which unfortunately was incomplete in more than 50% of cases, shows the depth of the disaster in these years. The occurrence of three epidemics of this disease in the last two decades shows that the prospect of controlling tuberculosis soon is very uncertain. Today, more than 8 million people are infected with this disease in the world every year, and until now, one-third of the world's people have been infected with the germ of tuberculosis without feeling sick. Tuberculous peritonitis is an uncommon disorder; sometimes, it is not considered in the initial evaluation of ascites. A negative 5-TU PPD test, or a low level of ascitic fluid protein, can mistakenly divert attention from tuberculosis. Tuberculosis peritonitis can be fatal if not diagnosed in time. Here we report a 67-year-old patient who was confirmed to have tuberculous peritonitis after clinical examination and laboratory diagnosis. The patient recovered after diagnosis with prescribed drugs.
)
)
)
)
)